During unstable periods of primate hierarchy formation, dominant animals show the highest basal cortisol levels and highest incidence of atherosclerosis, and after ranks stabilize this pattern reverses, according to Sapolsky (1993b, 2005).
Sources
- Of Baboons and Men: Social Circumstances, Biology, and the Social Gradient in Health (ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
- https://www.nationalacademies.org/read/18822/chapter/17 (nationalacademies.org)
- https://www.reed.edu/biology/courses/BIO431S05_2017/papers/Sapolsky_2005.pdf (reed.edu)
- https://www.pinniped.net/sapolsky2005.pdf (pinniped.net)
- https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228982398_Social_Status_and_Health_in_Humans_and_Other_Animals (researchgate.net)
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