Israel, India, and Pakistan have never signed the Non-Proliferation Treaty.
Notes on verification
Confirmed by multiple independent authoritative sources including Arms Control Association, Britannica, CFR, and the NPT's own Wikipedia page, all consistently stating India, Israel, and Pakistan never signed the treaty.
Sources
- List of states with nuclear weapons (en.wikipedia.org)
- https://www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/nuclear-weapons-who-has-what-glance (armscontrol.org)
- https://armscontrolcenter.org/fact-sheet-nuclear-non-proliferation-treaty-npt/ (armscontrolcenter.org)
- https://www.cfr.org/backgrounders/four-nuclear-outlier-states (cfr.org)