In 1859, Gustav Kirchhoff and Robert Bunsen discovered that heating different elements produced bright lines of light in a spectroscope that sometimes corresponded to the dark Fraunhofer lines.
Sources
- How Scientists Discovered Helium, the First Alien Element, 150 Years Ago (smithsonianmag.com)
- https://history.aip.org/exhibits/cosmology/tools/tools-spectroscopy.htm (history.aip.org)
- https://www.chemistryworld.com/opinion/kirchhoffs-spectroscope/6547.article (chemistryworld.com)
- https://www.chemteam.info/Electrons/Spectrum-History.html (chemteam.info)
- http://faculty.humanities.uci.edu/bjbecker/ExploringtheCosmos/lecture13.html (faculty.humanities.uci.edu)
More in Science
- The Younger Dryas event occurred from 12,900 to 11,600 years ago and produced estimated cooling of 4–8 °C (7.2–14.4 °F) in northern Europe and eastern North America.
- The forearm fragment found at Bianfu Cave is the first Denisovan forearm bone ever discovered.
- People with cluster headache were found to have higher cortisol and lower melatonin levels compared to individuals without headache disorders.
- The 1996 Surgeon General's report on physical activity and health found that 60 percent of Americans were not regularly physically active.
- In 2024, the CDC ended its recommendation for a mandatory 5-day isolation period after a positive COVID-19 test.
- El Niño Modoki is a variant of El Niño that involves unusual warming in the central tropical Pacific alongside cooling in the eastern and western tropical Pacific.